Urinary tract infections in infants and children in developing countries in the context of IMCI

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are a common cause of febrile illness in young children worldwide. This discussion paper reviews the epidemiology, aetiology and risk factors in developing countries. UTI are not included in the generic Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) algorithm. It reviews useful features of UTI and makes suggestions on possibilities for UTI identification and management in first-level health facilities in the context of IMCI, while indicating difficulties.